2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)

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Aldehyde Dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a superfamily of NADP+-dependent enzymes that metabolize endogenous and exogenous aldehydes to corresponding carboxylic acids. This superfamily of proteins is comprised of 19 isozymes, with constitutive activity of at least one isozyme observed in a majority of mammalian tissues. The ALDHs play important roles, among other things, in cellular detoxification, the protection against ultraviolet radiation-induced damage, and amino acid metabolism.

The ALDH1A subfamily plays a pivotal role in embryogenesis and development by mediating retinoic acid signaling. ALDH2, as a key enzyme that oxidizes acetaldehyde, is crucial for alcohol metabolism. ALDH1A1 and ALDH3A1 are lens and corneal crystallins, which are essential elements of the cellular defense mechanism against ultraviolet radiation-induced damage in ocular tissues. Many ALDH isozymes are important in oxidizing reactive aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation and thereby help maintain cellular homeostasis. Increased expression and activity of ALDH isozymes have been reported in various human cancers and are associated with cancer relapse. As a direct consequence of their significant physiological and toxicological roles, inhibitors of the ALDH enzymes have been developed to treat human diseases.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Isoform Specific Products:

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-146683
    KS106
    		Inhibitor 99.31%
    KS106 is a potent ALDH inhibitor with IC50s of 334, 2137, 360 nM for ALDH1A1, ALDH2, and ALDH3A1, respectively. KS106 shows antiproliferative and anticancer effects with low low toxic.KS106 significantly increases ROS activity, lipid peroxidation and toxic aldehyde accumulation. KS106 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.
    KS106
  • HY-76006
    3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
    		99.85%
    3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde is a precursor compound for phenolic compounds, such as Protocatechualdehyde (HY-N0295). 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde is a substrate of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in rats and humans (ALDH2). 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde has vasculoprotective effects in vitro and in vivo.
    3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
  • HY-110294
    CM037
    		Inhibitor 99.06%
    CM037 is a selective inhibitor of ALDH1A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1) with an IC50 of 4.6 µM.
    CM037
  • HY-122577
    EN40
    		Inhibitor 99.56%
    EN40 is a potent, selective aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) inhibitor as a covalent ligand, exhibits an IC50 value of 2 uM
    EN40
  • HY-126003
    ALDH1A1-IN-2
    		Inhibitor 99.48%
    ALDH1A1-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 (aldh1a1). Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) constitute a family of enzymes that play a critical role in oxidizing various cytotoxic xenogenic and biogenic aldehydes. ALDH1A1-IN-2 has the potential for the research of cancer, inflammation, or obesity (extracted from patent WO2019089626A1, compound 295).
    ALDH1A1-IN-2
  • HY-144670
    ALDH3A1-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    ALDH3A1-IN-1 (Compound 18) is a potent inhibitor of ALDH3A1 with an IC50 of 1.61 μM. ALDH3A1-IN-1 is more potent than DEAB against patient-derived primary prostate tumor epithelial cells, as single agents or in combination research with docetaxel.
    ALDH3A1-IN-1
  • HY-146682
    KS100
    		Inhibitor 99.61%
    KS100 is a potent ALDH inhibitor with IC50s of 230, 1542, 193 nM for ALDH1A1, ALDH2, and ALDH3A1, respectively. KS100 shows antiproliferative and anticancer effects with low low toxic. KS100 significantly increases ROS activity, lipid peroxidation and toxic aldehyde accumulation. KS10600 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.
    KS100
  • HY-144669
    ALDH1A3-IN-2
    		Inhibitor 99.28%
    ALDH1A3-IN-2 (Compound 15) is a potent inhibitor of ALDH1A3 with an IC50 of 1.29 μM. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are overexpressed in various tumor types including prostate cancer. ALDH1A3-IN-2 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases.
    ALDH1A3-IN-2
  • HY-156443
    YG1702
    		Inhibitor 99.21%
    YG1702 is a potent ALDH18A1-specific inhibitor. YG1702 attenuates the growth of MYCN-amplified NB and down-regulates MYCN. YG1702 physically interacts with ALDH18A1 with a high affinity and might potentially affect its enzymatic activity.
    YG1702
  • HY-157567
    FSI-TN42
    		Inhibitor 98.05%
    ALDH1A1/2-IN-1 is an ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2 inhibitor that can be used for preventing spermatogenesis.
    FSI-TN42
  • HY-107030
    Nitrefazole
    		Inhibitor
    Nitrefazole is a 4-nitroimidazole derivative with strong and long lasting inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol.
    Nitrefazole
  • HY-126241
    RV01
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    RV01 is an analogue of resveratrol, inhibits DNA damage, reduces acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) mRNA expression induced by ethanol, and exhibits hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. RV01 decreases iNOS expression, with anti-neuroinflammatory activity.
    RV01
  • HY-113466S
    4-Hydroxynonenal-d3
    		Inhibitor ≥99.0%
    4-Hydroxynonenal-d3 is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroxynonenal. 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is an α,β unsaturated hydroxyalkenal and an oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarker. 4-Hydroxynonenal is a substrate and an inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). 4-Hydroxynonenal can modulate a number of signaling processes mainly through forming covalent adducts with nucleophilic functional groups in proteins, nucleic acids, and membrane lipids. 4-Hydroxynonenal plays an important role in cancer through mitochondria[1][2][3].
    4-Hydroxynonenal-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-139032
    CM121
    		Inhibitor
    CM121 is an active site-directed reversible ALDH1A2 inhibitor (IC50=0.54 μM；Kd=1.1 μM) with a variety of hydrophobic interactions.
    CM121
  • HY-139031
    ALDH1A2-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 98.80%
    ALDH1A2-IN-1 is an active site-directed reversible ALDH1A2 inhibitor (IC50=0.91 μM; Kd=0.26 μM) with several hydrophobic interactions.
    ALDH1A2-IN-1
  • HY-148243
    IGUANA-1 free base
    		Inhibitor
    IGUANA-1 free base (STL5-T-0057) is an selective ALDH1 B1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 30 nM. IGUANA-1 free base inhibits cell growth of SW480 cells in adherent and spheroid conditions with IC50 values of 2.46 and 0.39 μM, respectively. IGUANA-1 free base can be used for the research of cancer.
    IGUANA-1 free base
  • HY-N11451
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose III
    		Activator
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFP-III) is an immune modulator. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III reduces the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and CNS inflammation.
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose III
  • HY-146240
    ALDH1A1-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    ALDH1A1-IN-3 (compound 57) is an excellent and selective aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.379 μM. ALDH1A1-IN-3 can effectively improve glucose consumption in HepG2 cells. ALDH1A1-IN-3 can be used for researching glucose metabolism improvement.
    ALDH1A1-IN-3
  • HY-148617
    ALDH2 modulator 1
    		Modulator
    ALDH2 modulator 1 is a potent and orally active aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) modulator. ALDH2 modulator 1 reduces blood alcohol levels in mice.
    ALDH2 modulator 1
  • HY-18768A
    NCT-501 hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    NCT-501 hydrochloride is a potent and selective theophylline-based inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), inhibits hALDH1A1 with IC50 of 40 nM, typically shows better selectivity over other ALDH isozymes and other dehydrogenases (hALDH1B1, hALDH3A1, and hALDH2, IC50 >57 μM).
    NCT-501 hydrochloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Isoform Comparison

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